2019 Vol. 34, No. 1

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Economic Theory and Exploration
The Impact of the Opening of Producer Services on China's Industrial Productivity and Its International Comparison
CHEN Ming, WEI Qi, KUANG Ming-yuan
2019, 34(1): 4-13.
[Abstract](297) [FullText HTML] (135) [PDF 1107KB](17)
Abstract:
This paper describes the theoretical mechanism of productivity affected by the opening of producer services from the introduction and going out of producer services, and analyzes the contribution of the opening of producer services to the output growth of the three industries since 2004 based on the grey system theory model and the growth accounting framework and makes an international comparison. The results show that the contribution rate by the opening of producer services and its subdivisions to services is the largest, followed by industry and agriculture; in the internal structure of the opening of producer services, R & D and other technological services and information services have always been the top contribution to industrial growth; compared with the United States and other countries, the opening of producer services has made the greatest contribution to the growth of labor productivity in China's three industries, but there is still a certain gap between China and developed countries. It is proposed that we should increase the import of advanced producer services technology, and attach importance to the innovation of producer services technology, in order to narrow the gap between China and developed countries in the development of industrial labor productivity.
Human Capital Accumulation and Economic Growth—From the Perspective of Investment Flow Effect and Population Aging Stock Effect
ZHAO Bin
2019, 34(1): 14-24.
[Abstract](227) [FullText HTML] (106) [PDF 1043KB](22)
Abstract:
Using provincial panel data of 1995-2016 and 1998-2015 and system-GMM, this paper analyzes the influences of investment flow effect and population aging stock effect of human capital accumulation on economic growth based on the three sectors' OLG growth model driven by human capital. The findings are as follows: the improvement of old people's survival rate or life expectancy would stimulate the economic growth; both current and lagged ratio of private human capital investment and GDP or income have positive influence on economic growth; the current ratio of GDP in public human capital investment or that of income is negatively correlated with economic growth; the lagged ratio of GDP in public human capital investment and or that of income is positively correlated with economic growth. This shows that population aging has positive effect on economy; there is lagged effect of public human capital investment, and the government should make decision for the long run. The special economic stimulus policy in crisis would impose inverse impacts on the transition driven from physical capital investment to human capital investment. Therefore, the government should think it over when enacting stimulus policy.
The Spatial Pattern and Influencing Factors of Green Innovation
PENG Wen-bin, WEN Ze-zhou, KUANG Chang-e
2019, 34(1): 25-37.
[Abstract](351) [FullText HTML] (309) [PDF 1324KB](69)
Abstract:
Based on the panel data of 285 cities in China from 2005 to 2016, the SBM-DEA model and the exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) method are used to evaluate the green innovation level and its spatial distribution pattern, and the Spatial Durbin Model is employed to explore the main influencing factors in green innovation. The results show that China's urban green innovation shows a slow upward trend, and its distribution represents obvious spatial agglomeration, gradually shaping a "multi-core" agglomeration pattern with urban agglomeration as a regional scope. Green innovation has a cumulative effect, and the previous green innovation results will promote the development of green innovation in the current period. Traffic conditions, education level, and environmental regulations will promote green innovation. The low-level industrial structure will significantly inhibit green innovation, while the expansion of openness will not be conducive to green innovation in the region, but upgrade the level of green innovation in neighboring cities. It is necessary to take different strategy for different city's status quo, strengthen the flow, integration and sharing of green innovation resources among cities to realize the coordinated development of green innovation in Chinese cities.
Enterprises and Business Economy
The Effect of Internet on Chinese Firm's Export and Its Analysis
HAN Hui-chao
2019, 34(1): 38-45.
[Abstract](237) [FullText HTML] (133) [PDF 1008KB](14)
Abstract:
As a major external impact of technology, internet development impacts firms' export behavior, mainly embodied by the market-entry effect in static terms and the market-penetration effect in dynamic terms. Based on the empirical study of hyperlink data between China and trade destination countries, this study shows that the application of internet significantly reduces the blocking influence of geographical space, and increases the probability of enterprises entering the export market by 22.3 percent. In a dynamic sense, export enterprises achieve market growth by 59.4 percent in the second year after the entry into foreign market through the resource adjustment via internet using, and anchor their existence in the foreign market as a result. It is also showed that the internet effects vary across countries with different income levels when Chinese enterprises enter such markets. In the policy sense, China should deepen the internet plus strategy to enhance new export trade advantages.
Can the Internal Control System Deal with Executive Corruption: An Empirical Study on State-owned Listed Companies
CHI Guo-hua, ZHU Jun-qing
2019, 34(1): 46-59.
[Abstract](366) [FullText HTML] (2040) [PDF 1076KB](46)
Abstract:
Traditionally, institutional anti-corruption aims to achieve "non-corruption" by restraining power. Is there any other corruption governance mechanism? Taking the state-owned listed companies from 2007 to 2012 as the research sample and taking the essence of internal control as the theoretical basis, this paper makes an empirical analysis on whether there are governance mechanisms of "not daring to corrupt" and "not wanting to corrupt" through self-control. The empirical results show that: internal control can suppress selfish desire through rigid governance mechanism to achieve "not daring to corrupt"; it can guide selfish desire through flexible governance mechanism to achieve "not wanting to corrupt". The above mechanisms are determined by the essence of internal control: "supervision" and "motivation", while the mechanism of "not being able to corrupt" is determined by the essence of check and balance.
Urbanization and Rural Economy
Elite Capture and Mass Capture: Based on Empirical Evidence from Poverty Alleviation by Forest Carbon Sequestration
GONG Rong-fa, ZENG Wei-zhong
2019, 34(1): 60-68.
[Abstract](230) [FullText HTML] (169) [PDF 1087KB](12)
Abstract:
The implementation of forest carbon sequestration for poverty alleviation in minority areas and poverty-stricken areas is an important grasp of poverty alleviation in minority areas and poor areas. It is necessary to quantify and analyze forest carbon sequestration poverty alleviation to further excavate the function and of improve the effectiveness of forest carbon sequestration. Based on the survey data of two regions in Southwest Sichuan and Northwest Sichuan, the regression analysis model is used to quantify the errors of the forest carbon sequestration through the measurement method of elite capture and mass capture. Because of the dependence on the demonstration and driving effect of the forest carbon sequestration project on the elite group, the phenomenon of elite capture is obvious in the stage of farmers' participation in the project of forest carbon sequestration, which is difficult to eliminate in a short time. The phenomenon of mass capture exists in the benefit distribution stage, and there is significant difference between villages due to the operation mechanism and the ecological, social and economic factors. The idea of reducing the error of forest carbon sequestration and improving the effectiveness of forest carbon sequestration is that, in the participation stage, it is possible to increase the participation of the poor population through the help of the elite group and the poor group under the background of allowing a certain elite capture, and that, in the benefit distribution stage, measures such as operation mechanism design, relocation, the introduction of talents from village groups can reduce the level of mass capture and enhance the poor's access to welfare benefits such as infrastructure improvement brought about by forest carbon sinks.
Farmland Rights Confirmation and Farmer's Preference of Farmland Transfer Contract: An Empirical Analysis of the Survey Data of Five Counties in Three Provinces
FENG Hua-chao
2019, 34(1): 69-79.
[Abstract](184) [FullText HTML] (124) [PDF 1037KB](8)
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Based on the survey data from five counties of three provinces in China, through the theoretical framework of "Farmland rights confirmation-Transaction price-Contract preference of Farmland transfer", this paper empirically analyzes the influence of the Farmland rights confirmation on the contract preference and its mechanism. It is found that: The Farmland rights confirmation increased the probability of farmers selecting written contracts when they transferred to farmland, which can be achieved through the transaction price mechanism and change in the transaction price; the more agricultural inputs into the village, the higher the frequency of trading, and households would prefer the oral contract; upon the willingness to transfer from relatives and farmers with shorter transition period, farmers are more likely to choose oral contracts; the average family level of education, the area of land contract and the proportion of agricultural income also have a significant impact on the contract preferences. Therefore, farmers' preferences for transfer contract are characterized with dual nature of differential pattern and interest orientation. In the future, it is imperative to firmly promote the farmland rights confirmation, establish and improve the system of farmland property protection so as to ensure the rights and interests of peasant households.
Finance, Taxation and Public Administration
Can "Replacing Business Tax with Value-added Tax" Spawn Manufacturing Enterprises' Sense of Fulfillment from the Tax Reduction
LI Pu-liang, JIA Wei-li
2019, 34(1): 80-91.
[Abstract](324) [FullText HTML] (174) [PDF 1040KB](88)
Abstract:
The theoretical analysis shows that the effect of "Replacing Business Tax with Value-added Tax" on manufacturing enterprises' sense of fulfillment obtained from the tax reduction is the comprehensive result of tax reduction effect caused by the deduction of input tax from services provided by pilot industries of "Replacing Business Tax with Value-added Tax", and the tax increase effect caused by intensifying the tax collection and management after "Replacing Business Tax with Value-added Tax", and the differentiation of tax reduction effect and tax increase effect leads to obvious individual differences in manufacturing enterprises' sense of fulfillment obtained from the tax reduction of "Replacing Business Tax with Value-added Tax". Based on the sample survey data of 107 manufacturing enterprises, the empirical results show that the status of purchasing service from pilot industries of "Replacing Business Tax with Value-added Tax" and the tax collection and management intensity are important factors affecting the manufacturing enterprises' sense of fulfillment obtained from the tax reduction of "Replacing Business Tax with Value-added Tax". In the post era of "Replacing Business Tax with Value-added Tax", more attention should be paid to the differences in the impact of different taxes on manufacturing enterprises' tax burden and the tax increase effect caused by the increase in the tax collection and management intensity while designing the plan of reforming tax system and reducing tax and fee, and it needs to accelerate the transformation of traditional to service-oriented manufacturing enterprises, and continuously improve manufacturing enterprises' sense of fulfillment obtained from tax reduction.
Redistribution Effect Analysis of the New Real Estate Tax and Selection of Tax Collection Scheme
KONG Pei-jia
2019, 34(1): 92-102.
[Abstract](187) [FullText HTML] (115) [PDF 2752KB](8)
Abstract:
Based on the family micro-database, the effect is respectively analyzed of family property value and family possession value on the real estate tax redistribution effect. It shows that: The redistribution effect on the full caliber of family property will be enhanced through the implementation of per capita area reduction scheme, while weakened through the implementation of the first suite duty-free scheme, and the effect of the family area reduction scheme is enhanced in the lower interval, and weakened when the area is higher; the introduction of circuit breaker mechanism can significantly enhance the redistribution effect on the property value but may dampen that of all the three schemes on the family possessions; the introduction of circuit breaker mechanism can significantly enhance the redistribution effect on income; the duty-free scheme for the first suite is the best choice of all considerations at present for the redistribution of possessions and income, and the feasibility of short-term collection management.
Guangdong Business and Economy
Understanding the Evolution of Urban Network Based on Advanced Producer Services' Layout in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area
PAN Su, CHONG Zhao-hui, QIN Cheng-lin
2019, 34(1): 103-112.
[Abstract](352) [FullText HTML] (252) [PDF 1374KB](17)
Abstract:
This study describes the evolution of the intercity network in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area from the perspective of intra-firm relationships and explores the factors influencing the intercity network through the Exponential Random Graph Model. Through comparison of the urban networks built by the advanced production service enterprises in 2014 between those in 2017, it is found that the network connections between the cities of Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao are closer and more balanced, and the network structure has been evolved from a "single center" of Hong Kong to "multi centers" with Hong Kong, Guangzhou and Shenzhen. Furthermore, the results of ERGM show that the urban network of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is characterized with significant "path dependence", and it is also significantly influenced by intercity industrial linkages; in view of the city-related attributes, economic development, innovation environment and international visibility of the city are the main factors affecting the network connections between cities.

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