The Impact of Digital Orientation on Ambidextrous Innovation in Listed Companies: The Moderating Effect of CEO Narcissism
-
摘要: 数字化转型是数字经济时代推动企业创新的重要驱动力。采用2016—2022年我国A股上市公司的数据,从数字技术范围、数字能力、数字生态系统协调和数字架构配置四个维度探讨企业数字导向对企业双元创新的影响机理,同时引入微观层面的CEO自恋因素以观察可能的调节作用。研究发现:企业数字导向对利用式创新和探索式创新均具有显著的正向促进作用;数字技术范围和数字能力对企业双元创新均具有显著的促进作用,数字生态系统协调和数字架构配置对利用式创新具有显著的促进作用;CEO自恋因素正向调节数字导向对企业双元创新的促进作用。机制检验发现,企业数字导向通过提高研发投入、推动数字化转型进而促进双元创新;进一步研究发现,数字导向对于双元创新的影响具有明显的异质性,即在外部创新需求低、企业改高新技术企业以及CEO股权激励高的情况下,数字导向对探索式创新的影响更明显;在外部创新需求高、企业改高新技术企业以及CEO股权激励低的情况下,数字导向对利用式创新的影响更明显。本研究深化了企业数字化转型与双元创新之间关系的探讨,为政府支持企业数字化转型提供了必要的政策建议。Abstract: Digital transformation is one of the most important driving forces to promote enterprise innovation in the era of digital economy. Using the data of China's A-share listed companies from 2016 to 2022, this paper aims to investigate the influence mechanism of enterprise digital orientation on enterprise dual innovation from four dimensions of digital technology scope, digital capability, digital ecosystem coordination, and digital architecture configuration, and introduce CEO narcissism at the micro level to observe the possible regulatory effects. It is found that the enterprise digital orientation has a significant positive effect on both the exploitative innovation and the exploratory innovation, so do the scope of digital technology and the digital ability on the dual innovation, the digital ecosystem coordination and the digital architecture configuration on the exploitative innovation, and the CEO narcissism factor regulates the digital orientation on the dual innovation. Mechanism inspection shows that enterprise digital orientation promotes dual innovation by increasing R&D investment and promoting digital transformation. Further research shows that the influence of digital orientation on dual innovation has obvious heterogeneity, that is, when the demand of external innovation is low, and high-tech enterprises and CEO equity incentive is high, the influence of digital orientation on exploratory innovation is more obvious; when the demand of external innovation is high, and high-tech enterprises and CEO equity incentive is low, the influence of digital orientation on exploitative innovation is more obvious. This study deepens the discussion of the relationship between enterprise digital transformation and dual innovation, and provides necessary policy suggestions for the government to support the digital transformation of enterprises.
-
表 1 数字导向维度
维度 关键词频 数字技术范围 高级通信、先进技术、APP、带宽、区块链、宽带、云、基于云计算的、控制系统、无人机、电子、高速、信息管理、物联网、互联网、IT解决方案、信息技术解决方案、网络服务、程序化、传感器、软件、远程信息处理、虚拟、wifi、自主的、自动的、AI 数字能力 解析法、人工智能、大数据、蓝牙、计算、连接性、联接性、可定制的、深度学习、设计师、设计者、设计人员、开发者、开发师、开发人员、电子的、电子设备的、电子器件的、工程师、功能性、信息科学、集成解决方案、接口、界面、机器学习、移动、可编程的、编程人员、程序员、自动驾驶、智能、流媒体、技术专家、技术人员、科技、技术、技术支持、十分普遍的、无处不在的、无所不在的、用户体验、用户经验、用户界面、用户接口、无线、无线的、应用编程接口 数字生态系统协调 API、APIs、桌面、设备、电子商务、企业资源计划、公司资源计划、ERP、多渠道、网络基础设施、全渠道、在线、开源、开放性资源、电话、手机、资源计划系统、资源规划系统、软件运营服务、社交媒体、平板、电脑、技术平台、网络、网站 数字架构配置 3D打印、增材制造、添加式制造、添加型制造、先进制造、高级制造、算法、解析工具、分析工具、自动、自动的、首席数字官、CDO、CIO、首席信息官、计算机、网络、赛博、赛博安全、数据、数据库、数字的、数字化、以数字方式、数位化、数码化、金融科技、硬件、信息安全、信息系统、信息技术、IT架构、IT基础设施、基础结构、信息技术基础设施、IT系统、信息系统、信息技术系统、操作系统、实时、远程控制、机器人、机器人科学、机器人技术、标准化 表 2 变量定义
变量类型 变量名称 变量符号 变量定义 解释变量 数字导向 DO 通过Python抓取企业年报管理层讨论与分析部分词频,并取其在该部分的字段占比 被解释变量 探索式创新 Explor 发明专利授权量 利用式创新 Exploi 外观设计专利授权量和实用新型专利授权量之和 调节变量 CEO自恋 NAR 通过手工获取的CEO签名进行像素标准化计算,并作一定的标准化处理 控制变量 总资产周转率 ATO 营业收入/平均资产总额 是否亏损 LOSS 当年净利润小于0为1,否则为0 市值账面比 BM 账面价值/总价值 第一大股东持股率 TOP1 第一大股东持股数量/总股数 现金持有量 CH 现金持有量 行业 Industry 根据证监会2012年行业分类 年份 Year 7个年度虚拟变量 表 3 主要变量的统计特征
变量 样本量 均值 标准差 最小值 中位数 最大值 DO 5 162 9.594 3 8.523 0.92 6.77 45.72 Explor 5 162 0.922 9 5.443 0.00 0.00 137.00 Exploi 5 162 2.023 2 16.200 0.00 0.00 609.00 CH 5 162 0.053 3 0.069 -0.14 0.05 0.25 ATO 5 162 0.662 8 0.352 0.13 0.60 2.18 LOSS 5 162 0.064 9 0.246 0.00 0.00 1.00 BM 5 162 0.531 2 0.366 0.08 0.44 2.05 TOP1 5 162 0.345 0 0.134 0.07 0.33 0.85 表 4 基准效应回归
变量 (1) (2) (3) (4) Explor Exploi Explor Exploi DO 0.030**(0.012) 0.112***(0.035) 0.025**(0.012) 0.081**(0.035) CH 0.919(1.190) 3.502(3.540) ATO 0.326(0.238) 2.424***(0.707) LOSS -0.129(0.324) 0.500(0.964) BM 0.229(0.236) 1.648**(0.700) TOP1 0.375(0.579) 2.860*(1.723) _cons 0.128(0.328) -2.739***(0.975) 0.682***(0.135) 1.245***(0.403) Industry 是 是 是 是 Year 是 是 是 是 N 5 162 5 162 5 162 5 162 R2 0.007 0.008 0.006 0.003 注:*、* *、* * *分别表示10%、5%、1%的显著性水平。下表同。 表 5 CEO自恋的调节作用
变量 (1) (2) (3) (4) Explor Exploi Explor Exploi DO 0.030**(0.012) 0.112***(0.035) 0.035***(0.012) 0.117***(0.036) NAR 0.062***(0.024) 0.053(0.071) DO×NAR 0.012***(0.003) 0.014*(0.008) CH 0.919(1.190) 3.502(3.540) 0.973(1.189) 3.517(3.545) ATO 0.326(0.238) 2.424***(0.707) 0.318(0.237) 2.414***(0.707) LOSS -0.129(0.324) 0.500(0.964) -0.111(0.323) 0.524(0.964) BM 0.229(0.236) 1.648**(0.700) 0.240(0.235) 1.666**(0.701) TOP1 0.375(0.579) 2.860*(1.723) 0.269(0.579) 2.763(1.726) _cons 0.128(0.328) -2.739***(0.975) -0.242(0.354) -3.062***(1.054) Industry 是 是 是 是 Year 是 是 是 是 N 5 162 5 162 5 162 5 162 R2 0.007 0.008 0.011 0.008 表 6 替换解释变量与被解释变量
变量 (1) (2) (3) (4) Explor Exploi Explor Exploi do 0.001**(0.000) 0.006***(0.001) DO 0.098***(0.013) 0.003***(0.001) CH 0.918(1.191) 3.925(3.540) -3.202**(1.271) -0.269**(0.113) ATO 0.321(0.238) 2.452***(0.707) 0.387(0.254) -0.015(0.023) LOSS -0.141(0.324) 0.433(0.964) 1.470***(0.346) 0.140***(0.031) BM 0.221(0.235) 1.701**(0.699) -0.843***(0.251) -0.061***(0.022) TOP1 0.366(0.579) 2.945*(1.722) 0.722(0.619) -0.130**(0.055) _cons 0.204(0.316) -2.865***(0.941) 1.011***(0.350) 0.161***(0.031) Industry 是 是 是 是 Year 是 是 是 是 N 5 162 5 162 5 162 5 162 R2 0.006 0.009 0.041 0.044 表 7 PSM检验
变量 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Explor Exploi Explor Exploi Explor Exploi DO 0.059***(0.016) 0.175***(0.045) 0.053***(0.015) 0.210***(0.046) 0.030**(0.012) 0.112***(0.036) CH 2.217(1.419) 0.692(3.999) 2.690*(1.423) 6.134(4.308) 0.919(1.191) 3.512(3.543) ATO 0.137(0.270) 0.914(0.762) 0.342(0.274) 1.968**(0.829) 0.328(0.238) 2.434***(0.708) LOSS 0.365(0.380) 2.512**(1.072) 0.251(0.388) 1.811(1.175) -0.127(0.324) 0.506(0.965) BM 0.316(0.258) 1.768**(0.727) 0.404(0.259) 1.976**(0.785) 0.229(0.236) 1.654**(0.701) TOP1 -0.939(0.667) -1.964(1.880) 0.275(0.666) 3.218(2.015) 0.375(0.580) 2.868*(1.725) _cons 0.262(0.371) -0.576(1.046) -0.286(0.381) -3.737***(1.152) 0.126(0.328) -2.754***(0.976) Industry 是 是 是 是 是 是 Year 是 是 是 是 是 是 N 2 239 2 239 3 236 3 236 5 159 5 159 R2 0.015 0.018 0.011 0.015 0.007 0.008 表 8 滞后期检验
变量 (1) (2) (3) (4) Explor Exploi Explor Exploi DO 0.030**(0.012) 0.112***(0.035) L.DO 0.024*(0.014) 0.088***(0.032) CH 0.919(1.190) 3.502(3.540) -0.518(1.456) -0.544(3.201) ATO 0.326(0.238) 2.424***(0.707) 0.276(0.293) 1.347**(0.643) LOSS -0.129(0.324) 0.500(0.964) -0.212(0.349) 0.511(0.768) BM 0.229(0.236) 1.648**(0.700) -0.101(0.264) 1.298**(0.581) TOP1 0.375(0.579) 2.860*(1.723) -0.233(0.706) 0.428(1.551) _cons 0.128(0.328) -2.739***(0.975) 0.813**(0.394) -0.623(0.866) Industry 是 是 是 是 Year 是 是 是 是 N 5 162 5 162 3 854 3 854 R2 0.007 0.008 0.008 0.007 表 9 数字技术范围对双元创新的影响
变量 (1) (2) (3) (4) Explor Exploi Explor Exploi DTS 0.003(0.002) 0.015***(0.006) L.DTS 0.005*(0.003) 0.020***(0.006) CH 0.721(1.188) 3.041(3.532) -0.616(1.450) -0.828(3.186) ATO 0.287(0.237) 2.288***(0.706) 0.248(0.292) 1.246*(0.642) LOSS -0.139(0.324) 0.428(0.965) -0.229(0.350) 0.435(0.769) BM 0.190(0.235) 1.573**(0.700) -0.106(0.264) 1.297**(0.580) TOP1 0.311(0.579) 2.695(1.722) -0.263(0.705) 0.338(1.549) _cons 0.416(0.298) -1.887**(0.885) 0.958***(0.359) -0.157(0.789) Industry 是 是 是 是 Year 是 是 是 是 N 5 162 5 162 3 854 3 854 R2 0.006 0.007 0.008 0.008 表 10 数字能力对双元创新的影响
变量 (1) (2) (3) (4) Explor Exploi Explor Exploi DC 0.004***(0.001) 0.015***(0.003) L.DC 0.005***(0.002) 0.015***(0.004) CH 1.039(1.189) 4.138(3.535) -0.314(1.454) -0.020(3.194) ATO 0.359(0.238) 2.579***(0.708) 0.314(0.293) 1.455**(0.643) LOSS -0.113(0.324) 0.563(0.963) -0.214(0.349) 0.511(0.767) BM 0.246(0.235) 1.749**(0.698) -0.075(0.264) 1.359**(0.579) TOP1 0.437(0.580) 3.159*(1.723) -0.157(0.706) 0.643(1.550) _cons 0.012(0.322) -3.382***(0.958) 0.597(0.388) -1.180(0.853) Industry 是 是 是 是 Year 是 是 是 是 N 5 162 5 162 3 854 3 854 R2 0.008 0.010 0.010 0.010 表 11 数字生态系统协调对双元创新的影响
变量 (1) (2) (3) (4) Explor Exploi Explor Exploi DEC 0.000(0.002) 0.008(0.007) L.DEC 0.001(0.004) 0.015**(0.008) CH 0.583(1.188) 2.564(3.533) -0.773(1.450) -1.154(3.188) ATO 0.284(0.238) 2.297***(0.707) 0.246(0.292) 1.264**(0.642) LOSS -0.120(0.324) 0.536(0.965) -0.202(0.350) 0.502(0.769) BM 0.155(0.235) 1.435**(0.698) -0.145(0.263) 1.189**(0.579) TOP1 0.273(0.579) 2.541(1.721) -0.295(0.705) 0.290(1.550) _cons 0.526*(0.300) -1.540*(0.892) 1.086***(0.363) 0.044(0.799) Industry 是 是 是 是 Year 是 是 是 是 N 5 162 5 162 3 854 3 854 R2 0.005 0.006 0.008 0.006 表 12 数字架构配置对双元创新的影响
变量 (1) (2) (3) (4) Explor Exploi Explor Exploi DAC 0.002(0.001) 0.012***(0.004) L.DAC 0.003(0.002) 0.012**(0.005) CH 0.698(1.187) 2.989(3.529) -0.638(1.450) -1.006(3.188) ATO 0.293(0.237) 2.326***(0.706) 0.258(0.292) 1.279**(0.642) LOSS -0.143(0.325) 0.394(0.966) -0.237(0.350) 0.422(0.770) BM 0.171(0.234) 1.479**(0.696) -0.132(0.263) 1.179**(0.578) TOP1 0.294(0.578) 2.615(1.720) -0.288(0.704) 0.225(1.549) _cons 0.434(0.295) -1.847**(0.878) 0.986***(0.357) 0.030(0.786) Industry 是 是 是 是 Year 是 是 是 是 N 5 162 5 162 3 854 3 854 R2 0.006 0.007 0.008 0.007 表 13 机制检验
变量 (1) (2) (3) (4) Explor Exploi RDin DT DO 0.030**(0.012) 0.112***(0.035) 0.001***(0.000) 0.001***(0.000) CH 0.919(1.190) 3.502(3.540) -0.004(0.005) -0.000(0.001) ATO 0.326(0.238) 2.424***(0.707) 0.013***(0.001) 0.002***(0.000) LOSS -0.129(0.324) 0.500(0.964) 0.010***(0.001) 0.001***(0.000) BM 0.229(0.236) 1.648**(0.700) -0.012***(0.001) 0.001***(0.000) TOP1 0.375(0.579) 2.860*(1.723) -0.014***(0.002) 0.001(0.000) _cons 0.128(0.328) -2.739***(0.975) 0.025***(0.001) -0.001***(0.000) Industry 是 是 是 是 Year 是 是 是 是 N 5 162 5 162 5 162 5 162 R2 0.007 0.008 0.307 0.669 表 14 异质性分析:外部创新需求
变量 (1) (2) (3) (4) Explor Explor Exploi Exploi DO 0.023(0.016) 0.039**(0.017) 0.112**(0.054) 0.082**(0.036) CH 0.167(1.631) 2.411(1.686) 2.463(5.371) 5.598(3.498) ATO 0.592*(0.350) -0.021(0.309) 3.251***(1.152) 1.299**(0.642) LOSS -0.263(0.465) 0.088(0.429) -1.262(1.531) 2.936***(0.891) BM -0.229(0.336) 0.773**(0.319) 1.183(1.107) 2.499***(0.662) TOP1 1.632**(0.816) -1.356*(0.796) 6.235**(2.686) -1.532(1.651) _cons -0.067(0.454) 0.431(0.460) -3.719**(1.496) -1.368(0.955) Industry 是 是 是 是 Year 是 是 是 是 N 3 091 2 071 3 091 2 071 R2 0.013 0.013 0.010 0.027 表 15 异质性分析:高新技术企业
变量 (1) (2) (3) (4) Explor Explor Exploi Exploi DO 0.037**(0.015) 0.014(0.019) 0.151***(0.047) 0.019(0.043) CH 0.728(1.496) 1.508(1.879) 5.447(4.673) -0.936(4.225) ATO 0.477(0.296) 0.000(0.385) 2.946***(0.924) 1.320(0.866) LOSS -0.034(0.397) -0.405(0.542) 0.876(1.241) -0.649(1.218) BM 0.137(0.293) 0.500(0.382) 1.891**(0.914) 1.164(0.860) TOP1 0.371(0.706) 0.331(0.988) 3.096(2.205) 1.671(2.222) _cons 0.042(0.406) 0.279(0.534) -3.632***(1.268) -0.616(1.199) Industry 是 是 是 是 Year 是 是 是 是 N 3 744 1 413 3 744 1 413 R2 0.009 0.013 0.011 0.014 表 16 异质性分析:CEO股权激励
变量 (1) (2) (3) (4) Explor Explor Exploi Exploi DO 0.037**(0.015) 0.025(0.018) 0.051*(0.031) 0.161***(0.061) CH -0.717(1.414) 2.586(1.934) -2.970(2.889) 10.095(6.541) ATO -0.073(0.290) 0.775**(0.379) 0.760(0.594) 3.983***(1.282) LOSS 0.273(0.405) -0.455(0.503) 2.118**(0.828) -0.784(1.701) BM -0.245(0.297) 0.646*(0.366) 1.515**(0.606) 1.899(1.237) TOP1 0.317(0.867) 0.231(0.805) 0.407(1.771) 3.538(2.722) _cons 0.558(0.461) -0.260(0.480) -0.232(0.942) -4.512***(1.624) Industry 是 是 是 是 Year 是 是 是 是 N 2 519 2 643 2 519 2 643 R2 0.008 0.013 0.013 0.012 -
[1] DRNEVICH P L, CROSON D C. Information technology and business-level strategy: toward an integrated theoretical perspective[J]. MIS Quarterly, 2013, 37(2): 483-509. doi: 10.25300/MISQ/2013/37.2.08 [2] 车帅, 王军. 数字赋能是"生产导向"还是"环境友好"——来自企业数字化转型的微观证据[J]. 广东财经大学学报, 2023(3): 82-97. http://xb.gdufe.edu.cn/article/id/c15594fa-f0ca-47d9-bb6e-28a7ee84e5fe [3] 袁淳, 肖土盛, 耿春晓, 等. 数字化转型与企业分工: 专业化还是纵向一体化[J]. 中国工业经济, 2021(9): 137-155. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GGYY202109009.htm [4] 钱晶晶, 何筠. 传统企业动态能力构建与数字化转型的机理研究[J]. 中国软科学, 2021(6): 135-143. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGRK202106013.htm [5] 钟娟, 陈昕, 苏会, 等. 数字化转型对劳动投资效率的影响及其作用机制[J]. 广东财经大学学报, 2023(5): 22-36. http://xb.gdufe.edu.cn/article/id/a6499251-e4e4-43e8-b509-b6ff13031f3f [6] 倪克金, 刘修岩. 数字化转型与企业成长: 理论逻辑与中国实践[J]. 经济管理, 2021(12): 79-97. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JJGU202112005.htm [7] 戚聿东, 肖旭. 数字经济时代的企业管理变革[J]. 管理世界, 2020(6): 135-152, 250. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GLSJ202006012.htm [8] BARNEY J. Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage[J]. Journal of Management, 1991, 17(1): 99-120. doi: 10.1177/014920639101700108 [9] SCHWEIGER S A, STETTLER T R, BALDAUF A, et al. The complementarity of strategic orientations: a meta-analytic synthesis and theory extension[J]. Strategic Management Journal, 2019, 40(11): 1822-1851. doi: 10.1002/smj.3042 [10] KINDERMANN B, BEUTEL S, DE LOMANA G G, et al. Digital orientation: conceptualization and operationalization of a new strategic orientation[J]. European Management Journal, 2021, 39(5): 645-657. doi: 10.1016/j.emj.2020.10.009 [11] HENDERSON J C, VENKATRAMAN N. Strategic alignment: leveraging information technology for transforming organizations[J]. IBM Systems Journal, 1999, 38(2/3): 472-484. [12] NAMBISAN S, WRIGHT M, FELDMAN M. The digital transformation of innovation and entrepreneurship: progress, challenges and key themes[J]. Research Policy, 2019, 48(8): 103773. doi: 10.1016/j.respol.2019.03.018 [13] MOM T J M, CHANG Y Y, CHOLAKOVA M, et al. A multilevel integrated framework of firm HR practices, individual ambidexterity, and organizational ambidexterity[J]. Journal of Management, 2019, 45(7): 3009-3034. doi: 10.1177/0149206318776775 [14] BENNER M J, TUSHMAN M L. Exploitation, exploration, and process management: the productivity dilemma revisited[J]. Academy of Management Review, 2003, 28(2): 238-256. doi: 10.2307/30040711 [15] MARCH J G. Exploration and exploitation in organizational learning[J]. Organization Science, 1991, 2(1): 71-87. doi: 10.1287/orsc.2.1.71 [16] 刘洋, 董久钰, 魏江. 数字创新管理: 理论框架与未来研究[J]. 管理世界, 2020(7): 198-217, 219. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GLSJ202007016.htm [17] 刘启雷, 张媛, 雷雨嫣, 等. 数字化赋能企业创新的过程、逻辑及机制研究[J]. 科学学研究, 2022(1): 150-159. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KXYJ202201016.htm [18] TEECE D J. Explicating dynamic capabilities: the nature and microfoundations of (sustainable) enterprise performance[J]. Strategic Management Journal, 2007, 28(13): 1319-1350. doi: 10.1002/smj.640 [19] HELFAT C E, FINKELSTEIN S, MITCHELL W, et al. Dynamic capabilities: understanding strategic change in organizations[M]. Maldon, MA: Blackwell, 2007. [20] VIAL G. Understanding Digital Transformation: a review and a research agenda[J]. The Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 2019, 28(2): 118-144. doi: 10.1016/j.jsis.2019.01.003 [21] CIRIELLO R F, RICHTER A, SCHWABE G. Digital innovation[J]. Business & Information Systems Engineering, 2018, 60: 563-569. [22] YOO Y, HENFRIDSSON O, LYYTINEN K. Research commentary—the new organizing logic of digital innovation: an agenda for information systems research[J]. Information Systems Research, 2010, 21(4): 724-735. doi: 10.1287/isre.1100.0322 [23] YOO Y, BOLAND Jr R J, LYYTINEN K, et al. Organizing for innovation in the digitized world[J]. Organization Science, 2012, 23(5): 1398-1408. doi: 10.1287/orsc.1120.0771 [24] BHARADWAJ A, EI SAWY O A, PAVLOU P A, et al. Digital business strategy: toward a next generation of insights[J]. MIS Quarterly, 2013: 471-482. [25] BRYNJOLFSSON E, MCAFEE A. Machine, platform, crowd: harnessing our digital future[M]. New York, NY: WW Norton & Company, 2017. [26] NYLÉN D, HOLMSTRÖM J. Digital innovation in context: exploring serendipitous and unbounded digital innovation at the church of Sweden[J]. Information Technology & People, 2019, 32(3): 696-714. [27] ADNER R, KAPOOR R. Value creation in innovation ecosystems: how the structure of technological interdependence affects firm performance in new technology generations[J]. Strategic Management Journal, 2010, 31(3): 306-333. doi: 10.1002/smj.821 [28] 张超, 陈凯华, 穆荣平. 数字创新生态系统: 理论构建与未来研究[J]. 科研管理, 2021(3): 1-11. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KYGL202103001.htm [29] NAMBISAN S, LYYTINEN K, MAJCHRZAK A, et al. Digital innovation management[J]. MIS Quarterly, 2017, 41(1): 223-238. doi: 10.25300/MISQ/2017/41:1.03 [30] JACOBIDES M G, CENNAMO C, GAWER A. Towards a theory of ecosystems[J]. Strategic Management Journal, 2018, 39(8): 2255-2276. doi: 10.1002/smj.2904 [31] ZITTRAIN J. Saving the internet[J]. Harvard Business Review, 2007, 85(6): 49-59, 140. [32] GEIGER S, FINCH J. Promissories and pharmaceutical patents: agencing markets through public narratives[J]. Consumption Markets & Culture, 2016, 19(1): 71-91. [33] RAISCH S, BIRKINSHAW J. Organizational ambidexterity: antecedents, outcomes, and moderators[J]. Journal of Management, 2008, 34(3): 375-409. doi: 10.1177/0149206308316058 [34] 陈庆江, 万茂丰, 王彦萌. 数字技术应用对企业双元创新的影响——基于组织生命周期的实证检验[J]. 软科学, 2021(11): 92-98. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XUXI202111015.htm [35] LAVIE D, STETTNER U, TUSHMAN M L. Exploration and exploitation within and across organizations[J]. Academy of Management Annals, 2010, 4(1): 109-155. doi: 10.5465/19416521003691287 [36] 文东华, 童卫华, 彭希. CEO自恋、所有权性质和组织后果——来自中国上市公司的证据[J]. 经济管理, 2015(8): 65-75. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JJGU201508011.htm [37] 王维, 李娜, 薛程月, 等. CEO自恋对企业成长的作用机制研究——双元创新的中介效应[J]. 科技进步与对策, 2018(23): 113-120. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KJJB201823016.htm [38] RUIZ J M, SMITH T W, RHODEWALT F. Distinguishing narcissism and hostility: similarities and differences in interpersonal circumplex and five-factor correlates. [J]. Journal of Personality Assessment, 2001, 76(3): 537-555. doi: 10.1207/S15327752JPA7603_12 [39] EMMONS R A, MCADAMS D P. Personal strivings and motive dispositions: exploring the links[J]. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 1991, 17(6): 648-654. doi: 10.1177/0146167291176007 [40] CAMPBELL W K, GOODIE A S, FOSTER J D. Narcissism, confidence, and risk attitude[J]. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 2004, 17(4): 297-311. doi: 10.1002/bdm.475 [41] 毕晓方, 翟淑萍, 姜宝强. 政府补贴、财务冗余对高新技术企业双元创新的影响[J]. 会计研究, 2017(1): 46-52, 95. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KJYJ201701007.htm [42] 钟昌标, 黄远浙, 刘伟. 新兴经济体海外研发对母公司创新影响的研究——基于渐进式创新和颠覆式创新视角[J]. 南开经济研究, 2014(6): 91-104. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-NKJJ201406007.htm [43] CHATTERJEE A, HAMBRICK D C. It's all about me: narcissistic CEOs and their effects on company strategy and performance[J]. Administrative Science Quarterly, 2007, 52(3): 351-386. doi: 10.2189/asqu.52.3.351 [44] HAM C, LANG M, SEYBERT N, et al. CFO narcissism and financial reporting quality[J]. Journal of Accounting Research, 2017, 55(5): 1089-1135. doi: 10.1111/1475-679X.12176 [45] HAM C, SEYBERT N, WANG S. Narcissism is a bad sign: CEO signature size, investment, and performance[J]. Review of Accounting Studies, 2018, 23(1): 234-264 doi: 10.1007/s11142-017-9427-x [46] PENTLAND B T, FELDMAN M S, BECKER M C, et al. Dynamics of organizational routines: a generative model[J]. Journal of Management Studies, 2012, 49(8): 1484-1508. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6486.2012.01064.x [47] GREENHALGH C, ROGERS M. The value of intellectual property rights to firms and society[J]. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 2007, 23(4): 541-567. doi: 10.1093/oxrep/grm035 [48] MANSFIELD E, SCHWARTZ M, WAGNER S. Imitation costs and patents: an empirical study[J]. The Economic Journal, 1981, 91(364): 907-918. doi: 10.2307/2232499 [49] BESEN S M, RASKIND L J. An introduction to the law and economics of intellectual property[J]. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 1991, 5(1): 3-27. doi: 10.1257/jep.5.1.3 [50] 江艇. 因果推断经验研究中的中介效应与调节效应[J]. 中国工业经济, 2022(5): 100-120. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-480X.2022.05.007 [51] 白俊红, 张艺璇, 卞元超. 创新驱动政策是否提升城市创业活跃度——来自国家创新型城市试点政策的经验证据[J]. 中国工业经济, 2022(6): 61-78. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GGYY202206004.htm